Fast Automatic Detection of Calcified Coronary Lesions in 3D Cardiac CT Images -- Automated Intervertebral Disc Detection from Low Resolution, Sparse MRI Images for the Planning of Scan Geometries -- Content-Based Medical Image Retrieval with Metric Learning via Rank Correlation -- A Hyper-parameter Inference for Radon Transformed Image Reconstruction Using Bayesian Inference -- Patch-Based Generative Shape Model and MDL Model Selection for Statistical Analysis of Archipelagos -- Prediction of Dementia by Hippocampal Shape Analysis -- Multi-Class Sparse Bayesian Regression for Neuroimaging Data Analysis -- Appearance Normalization of Histology Slides -- Parallel Mean Shift for Interactive Volume Segmentation -- Soft Tissue Discrimination Using Magnetic Resonance Elastography with a New Elastic Level Set Model -- Fast and Automatic Heart Isolation in 3D CT Volumes: Optimal Shape Initialization -- Relation-Aware Spreadsheets for Multimodal Volume Segmentation and Visualization -- A Bayesian Learning Application to Automated Tumour Segmentation for Tissue Microarray Analysis -- Generalized Sparse Classifiers for Decoding Cognitive States in fMRI -- Manifold Learning for Biomarker Discovery in MR Imaging -- Optimal Live Cell Tracking for Cell Cycle Study Using Time-Lapse Fluorescent Microscopy Images -- Fully Automatic Joint Segmentation for Computer-Aided Diagnosis and Planning -- Accurate Identification of MCI Patients via Enriched White-Matter Connectivity Network -- Feature Extraction for fMRI-Based Human Brain Activity Recognition -- Sparse Spatio-temporal Inference of Electromagnetic Brain Sources -- Optimal Gaussian Mixture Models of Tissue Intensities in Brain MRI of Patients with Multiple-Sclerosis -- Preliminary Study on Appearance-Based Detection of Anatomical Point Landmarks in Body Trunk CT Images -- Principal-Component Massive-Training Machine-Learning Regression for False-Positive Reduction in Computer-Aided Detection of Polyps in CT Colonography.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Workshop on Machine Learning in Medical Imaging, MLMI 2010, held in conjunction with MICCAI 2010, in Beijing, China, in September 2010. The 23 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 38 submissions. The papers address topics such as machine learning applications to medical images, medical image analysis, multi-modality fusion, image reconstruction for medical imaging, computer-aided detection/diagnosis, medical image retrieval, cellular image analysis, molecular/pathologic image analysis, and dynamic, functional, physiologic, and anatomic imaging.