Includes bibliographical references and index.

Principles of Turbomachinery; CONTENTS; Foreword; Acknowledgments; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Energy and fluid machines; 1.1.1 Energy conversion of fossil fuels; 1.1.2 Steam turbines; 1.1.3 Gas turbines; 1.1.4 Hydraulic turbines; 1.1.5 Wind turbines; 1.1.6 Compressors; 1.1.7 Pumps and blowers; 1.1.8 Other uses and issues; 1.2 Historical survey; 1.2.1 Water power; 1.2.2 Wind turbines; 1.2.3 Steam turbines; 1.2.4 Jet propulsion; 1.2.5 Industrial turbines; 1.2.6 Note on units; 2 Principles of Thermodynamics and Fluid Flow; 2.1 Mass conservation principle; 2.2 First law of thermodynamics.

2.3 Second law of thermodynamics2.3.1 Tds equations; 2.4 Equations of state; 2.4.1 Properties of steam; 2.4.2 Ideal gases; 2.4.3 Air tables and isentropic relations; 2.4.4 Ideal gas mixtures; 2.4.5 Incompressibility; 2.4.6 Stagnation state; 2.5 Efficiency; 2.5.1 Efficiency measures; 2.5.2 Thermodynamic losses; 2.5.3 Incompressible fluid; 2.5.4 Compressible flows; 2.6 Momentum balance; Exercises; 3 Compressible Flow through Nozzles; 3.1 Mach number and the speed of sound; 3.1.1 Mach number relations; 3.2 Isentropic flow with area change; 3.2.1 Converging nozzle.

3.2.2 Converging-diverging nozzle3.3 Normal shocks; 3.3.1 Rankine-Hugoniot relations; 3.4 Influence of friction in flow through straight nozzles; 3.4.1 Polytropic efficiency; 3.4.2 Loss coefficients; 3.4.3 Nozzle efficiency; 3.4.4 Combined Fanno flow and area change; 3.5 Supersaturation; 3.6 Prandtl-Meyer expansion; 3.6.1 Mach waves; 3.6.2 Prandtl-Meyer theory; 3.7 Flow leaving a turbine nozzle; Exercises; 4 Principles of Turbomachine Analysis; 4.1 Velocity triangles; 4.2 Moment of momentum balance; 4.3 Energy transfer in turbomachines; 4.3.1 Trothalpy and specific work in terms of velocities.

4.3.2 Degree of reaction4.4 Utilization; 4.5 Scaling and similitude; 4.5.1 Similitude; 4.5.2 Incompressible flow; 4.5.3 Shape parameter or specific speed; 4.5.4 Compressible flow analysis; 4.6 Performance characteristics; 4.6.1 Compressor performance map; 4.6.2 Turbine performance map; Exercises; 5 Steam Turbines; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Impulse turbines; 5.2.1 Single-stage impulse turbine; 5.2.2 Pressure compounding; 5.2.3 Blade shapes; 5.2.4 Velocity compounding; 5.3 Stage with zero reaction; 5.4 Loss coefficients; Exercises; 6 Axial Turbines; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Turbine stage analysis.

6.3 Flow and loading coefficients and reaction ratio6.3.1 Fifty percent (50%) stage; 6.3.2 Zero percent (0%) reaction stage; 6.3.3 Off-design operation; 6.4 Three-dimensional flow; 6.5 Radial equilibrium; 6.5.1 Free vortex flow; 6.5.2 Fixed blade angle; 6.6 Constant mass flux; 6.7 Turbine efficiency and losses; 6.7.1 Soderberg loss coefficients; 6.7.2 Stage efficiency; 6.7.3 Stagnation pressure losses; 6.7.4 Performance charts; 6.7.5 Zweifel correlation; 6.7.6 Further discussion of losses; 6.7.7 Ainley-Mathieson correlation; 6.7.8 Secondary loss; 6.8 Multistage turbine.

The text is based on a course on turbomachinery which the author has taught since year 2000 as a technical elective. Topics include; Energy Transfer in Turbomachines, Gas and Steam Turbines, and Hydraulic Turbines. New material on wind turbines, and three-dimensional effects in axial turbomachines is included. The level is kept as such that students can smoothly move from a study of the most successful books in thermodynamics, fluid dynamics, and heat transfer to the subject of turbomachinery. The chapters are organized in such a way that the more difficult material is left to the later sectio.