General Principles -- Gene–Environment Interactions, Phenotypic Changes, and Human Health -- Statistics for Testing Gene–Environment Interaction -- Clustering Studies for Identifying the Role of Environmental Factors in Aetiology of Human Cancers -- Discovering Gene–Gene and Gene–Environment Causal Interactions Using Bioinformatics Approaches -- Gene Environment Interactions and Vascular Lesions -- Epigenetic Changes in Cancer: Role of Environment -- Approaches to Identify Environmental and Epigenomic Components or Covariates of Cancer and Disease Susceptibility -- Environment and Specific Types of Cancer -- Gene–Environment Interaction and Susceptibility to Pediatric Brain Tumors -- Genetic Polymorphisms Predisposing Individuals to Breast Cancer Via Gene–Environment Interaction -- Environment, Genetic Immunology and Childhood Cancer -- Exposure to Environmental Mutagens: APC and Colorectal Carcinogenesis -- Gene–Environmental Interactions and Susceptibility to Liver Cancer -- Genetic Epidemiology of Mismatch Repair Deficiency in Ovarian Cancer -- Case Studies -- Betel Nut and Susceptibility to Cancer -- Birth Weight and Cancer Associations -- Iron Excess and Cancer.

Cancer is a complex disease. Only 5-10% of human cancers are hereditary in nature. Many of us think of environmental agents when we think of carcinogens. The environment includes all that surrounds us, and environmental influences include not only chemical, physical and biological toxicants, but also diet and lifestyle. In this broadest sense, the environment contributes substantially in the development of human cancer. This book will describe how environment contributes to malignant transformation leading to profound changes in the genetic and signaling networks that control the functioning of the cell. It will critically discuss the understanding of the effects of environment on the development, progression and metastasis of cancer with current knowledge of the signaling networks that support functioning of transformed human cells. Genes and environmental factors that influence the origins of cancer are not necessarily the same as those that contribute to its progression and metastasis. Susceptibility gene variants for each specific cancer are being identified with emerging evidence of gene–environment interaction. Gene-environment interactions will be discussed through each specific cancer-based approach to address the question of how genetic variations can influence susceptibility to the individual type of cancer. It will also highlight and summarize epigenetic changes that increase the risk for susceptibility to a particular type of cancer, particularly in the presence of specific environmental factors. Thus, this book will contain chapters from the world’s experts focused on the current evidences that support the role of environment in the cancer etiology and in the growth of malignant lesions, and discuss who may be susceptible to environmental influences.