Principles and Instrumentation -- Photon Migration in Tissue -- Photon Migration in NIRS Brain Imaging -- Clinical Application of NIRS -- In-Vivo NIRS and Muscle Oxidative Metabolism -- Intracellular Oxygen Dynamics Observed by NIRS during Skeletal Muscle Contraction -- Muscle Oxygen Saturation Measurements in Diving Mammals and Birds Using NIRS -- Noninvasive NMR and NIRS Measurement of Vascular and Intracellular Oxygenation In Vivo.

In keeping with the style of the Handbook of Modern Biophysics, this fourth volume, Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Biomedicine, balances the need for physical science/mathematics formalism with a demand for biomedical perspectives. Each chapter divides the presentation into two major parts: the first establishes the conceptual framework and describes the instrumentation or technique, while the second illustrates current applications in addressing complex biology questions. With the additional sections on further reading, problems, and references, the interested reader can explore some chapter ideas more widely.