Preface -- List of Authors -- List of Reviewers -- Section I.  INTRODUCTION.- Keynote Presentations at WCA2 -- Agroforestry, climate change, and habitat protection -- Agroforestry for an ever-green revolution Environmental resilience and agroforestry -- Climate change and agroforestry.- Agroforestry and the transition to the future.- Agroforestry and the future of global land use.- Section II. GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES Based on WCA2 Symposia.- Climate-change mitigation: A low-hanging fruit of agroforestry.- Segregate or integrate for multifunctionality: landscape agroforestry involving rubber in Indonesia and China -- Integrating climate change adaptation and mitigation through agroforestry and ecosystem conservation.- High-carbon-stock rural development pathways in Asia and Africa: Improved land management for climate change mitigation.- Tree domestication in agroforestry: Progress in the second decade (2003–2012).- Policy support for large-scale adoption of agroforestry  practices: Experience from Africa and Asia -- Multifunctional Agriculture and opportunities for agroforestry – Implications of IAASTD.- Section III. REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES.- The future of temperate agroforestry in the United States.- Agroforestry research and development in Canada -- Past, present, and future of agroforestry in Europe.- Agroforestry for mine-land reclamation in Germany: Capitalizing on carbon sequestration and bioenergy production.- The Satoyama landscape of Japan: The future of an indigenous agricultural system in an industrialized society.- South Asian agroforestry: traditions, transformations, and prospects.- Agroforestry in the Amazon region: A pathway for balancing conservation and development.- Mainstreaming agroforestry in Latin America.- Land health surveillance: Mapping soil carbon in Kenyan rangelands.- Gender and agroforestry in Africa: Who benefits? – An African perspective.- Incentive mechanisms for smallholder agroforestry: Opportunities and challenges in the Philippines -- Agroforestry – The Way Forward -- Subject Index.

Agroforestry ranks high among the significant initiatives in improving land management that have occurred the world over during the past few decades. Thanks to the global efforts in research and development during the past three decades, the age-old forms of agroforestry are being transformed from a “set of practices in search of science” to a science-based, integrated approach to addressing many of the world’s most serious land-management challenges. Today, nearly a billion hectares of agricultural landscapes already have more than 10% tree cover and an estimated total of 1.6 billion hectares of land worldwide has the potential to be under agroforestry management in the foreseeable future. The World Congresses of Agroforestry (WCA), held once every five years since 2004, constitute an important set of events in the impressive development of the discipline. The second Congress (WCA2) held in Nairobi, Kenya, in 2009, was attended by about 1,200 delegates from 96 countries. This book was developed to meet the need for a volume containing such outputs that do not fit well into the thematic mode of disciplinary journals. It has been organized into three sections: the Introduction section consists of six summaries of keynote speeches at WCA2; that is followed by two sections of peer-reviewed thematic chapters grouped as “Global Perspectives” (seven chapters) and “Regional Perspectives” (11 chapters), authored by professional leaders in their respective agroforestry-related fields worldwide. A total of 130 professionals from institutions in 33 countries in both developing and the industrialized temperate regions of the world, contributed to the book as chapter authors and/or reviewers.  Thus, the book contains a solid body of the current state of knowledge on the various themes and activities in agroforestry worldwide compiled by distinguished leaders in their respective areas of expertise.